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Linear AlgebraHardOrthogonality & Least Squares

Orthogonality & Least Squares · Hard problem

A noise-filtering system in R3\mathbb R^3 keeps only the component of an incoming signal lying in the plane spanned by (1,1,0)(1,1,0) and (0,1,1)(0,1,1) (the two spanning directions are not orthogonal). For the signal s=(2,−1,3)\mathbf s = (2,-1,3), find the fraction of its energy (∥s∥2\|\mathbf s\|^2) that survives the filter, i.e. ∥proj⁡Ws∥2∥s∥2\dfrac{\|\operatorname{proj}_W\mathbf s\|^2}{\|\mathbf s\|^2}.