MathCastle
Groups and FieldsChallengePermutation Groups

Permutation Groups · Challenge problem

A perfect out-shuffle of a standard 5252-card deck keeps the top card in place and interleaves the two halves. For positions 0,…,500,\ldots,50, the card at position ii moves to position 2i mod 512i \bmod 51; position 5151 (bottom) stays fixed. How many out-shuffles return the deck to its original order?