MathCastle
TrigonometrySuperchallenge

Trigonometry · Superchallenge problem

Two cities both lie at latitude 60∘60^\circ N, on opposite sides of the Earth (their longitudes differ by 180∘180^\circ). Treat the Earth as a sphere of radius 39603960 miles. A plane can fly from one city to the other due east along the 60∘60^\circ N parallel, or along the meridians straight over the North Pole. How many miles shorter is the route over the pole? Give the exact value.

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